"You are one of those that likes to argue for no other reason than to argue...and you add nothing to the thread, because you know very little on the subject (as shown here)."
I have a 2003 SO CA engine, which differs primarily from the regular SO of that year in having a catalytic converter and having a lower combustion temperature for reduced NOX. The torque is the same as the regular SO but HP is a bit lower. The temps are lowered due (at least in part) to more retarded timing, where at least one downside is that evidently more soot is generated, which is why the CA engine retained the 3750 mile oil change interval while the regular SO and the HO were able to use a 7500 oil change interval that year. An upside is that one comment that I ran across from a Cummins engineer is that it would probably be a longer lasting engine as it ran cooler.
Later models were 50 state HO, but NOX is still basically related to combustion temperature. You've chosen to advance timing, probably to try to get better mileage, higher output, etc., and in the process have produced higher combustion temperatures.
http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsmeb/49/4/1298/_pdf
Emission Reduction in Diesel Engines Using New Fuel Injection System
Reduction in NOx and soot in light and medium duty diesel engines and meeting the U.S. emission standards is an important challenge. This paper shows how injection rate shaping should be performed to reduce NOx while engine performance and soot formation remain almost constant. Effects of intercooler with and without rate shaping on NOx reduction will be investigated. Results indicated that the rate shaping and pilot/split injection was an effective technique to reduce NOx at some operating condition. Combined effects of intercooler and rate shaping have shown a reduction of NOx by 50% for some operating conditions. At idle condition, a split injection was found to be a good solution for NOx reduction. A combustion simulation computer program was used in this analysis for six different operating conditions.
http://www.detroitdiesel.com/public/brochures/6SA591.pdf
The ABC’s Of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)
Since high cylinder temperatures cause NOx, NOx can be reduced by lowering cylinder temperatures. Charge air coolers are already commonly used for this reason. Reduced cylinder temperatures can be achieved in two ways:
■ Retarding ignition timing and/or
■ Reducing the amount of oxygen in the cylinder,which inhibits the combustion process
Retarded ignition timing makes the combustion process start at a less-than-optimum point and reduces the efficiency of combustion. This technique lowers cylinder temperature,
reducing NOx, But it also reduces fuel economy and performance, and creates excess soot, which results in more frequent oil changes.