I'm with you on the maxim... would appreciate if you could clarify "MB Approval number".
Your vintage Mercedes probably specifies an oil that meets “SF/CC/CD” in the owners manual.
A specification that is 40 years old, and absolutely obsolete at this point.
Modern oils are so much better.
That engine shares the same basic architecture, although with an extra cylinder and a turbo charger, as the engine I had in my 1981 MB 240 D.
Any diesel oil meeting a modern specification will be fine in this car. My preference is for the synthetics, because cold start with those glow plugs can be a bit of a challenge,
The oil will darken almost instantly after an oil change, and that’s not a big deal.
The secret to longevity with this engine is:
1. adjust the valves when they need to be adjusted, and you will need a special wrench set for that. If you’re near me, I can let you borrow the set.
2. Clean fuel. Change the filters every year.
3. Change the oil to reasonable interval, and 5000 miles is reasonable.
4. Don’t make any stupid modifications to increase the power. People would bypass the turbo control system on this to raise the boost level. Don’t do it.
This is one of Mercedes great sedans. It’s a bit slow, but the rest of the car is built to an incredible standard of quality. You can drive this for as long as you like.