Originally Posted By: 440Magnum
Originally Posted By: danthaman1980
Does anyone here know how much the pumping losses due to 'slip' are for a typical positive displacement automotive oil pump? I understand there may be negligible benefit to reducing differential pressure if we always assume the difference in slip is zero, or negligible, when we increase backpressure slightly... but I don't know that to be the case. Slip is known to increase when viscosity is decreased, and when differential pressure (difference between inlet pressure and outlet pressure) is increased. At least that is what I have read.
I guess my question is this: Can anyone demonstrate that using a less restrictive filter will not decrease the pumping losses due to the 'slip' effect within the pump? In my head, the slip effect would be minimized by minimizing differential pressure (i.e., minimizing restriction/backpressure on the outlet side of the pump).
Just a thought.
Well, you can't really treat the oil pump as "positive displacement" in too much of your thinking anyway, and the reason is the pressure relief valve at the output of the pump and the input to the filter. Once the relief valve opens, all "positive displacement" bets are off- the pump is now supplying a constant pressure to the filter input, and the excess oil beyond what is required to generate that pressure against the pump's output just dumps back into the pan. The pressure that the engine side of the filter sees will be the relief valve pressure minus any pressure differential across the media. When everything is normal, that's not an issue because the engine's internal clearances produce almost all the back-pressure, and the filter media produces almost none. But if the media starts to load up or pulls a "Fram Orange Can" and collapses into a wad around the center tube, then the engine can certainly starve for adequate oil pressure and flow.
I certainly understand your logic here, and in fact I was not figuring the pressure relief valve into my thinking. So in fact, when the pressure between the pump and filter media is below the pressure relief valve setting, the pump can be treated as 'positive displacement', minus any slip - so the volume of oil delivered through the filter per engine revolution will be fairly constant. But when relief valve pressure is exceeded, the pump will deliver the relief valve pressure to the filter - but in that case, the volume of oil flowing through the filter is difficult to calculate because some excess volume is being bled off through the pressure relief valve.
If that is the case, isn't that a positive argument for a larger/less restrictive filter? In that case, during the relief event, the inlet pressure would be fairly constant and a filter with less delta P across the media would flow more oil across the media during the relief event???
When everything is 'normal', the pump should deliver a fairly constant volume (per revolution) through the filter - minus pumping losses due to slip - but as has been stated, the filter is designed to be less restrictive than the oiling system. (I'm still not sure how to rationalize this, since there are multiple paths within the oiling system, and different parts of the oiling system will exhibit differences in relative restrictiveness. Said a different way, if you could increase the volume of oil going through the filter at a given RPM, the increase in delivery of oil to each component is not necessarily proportional - some will see more of an increase in flow since the restriction through that part of the system is lower.)
Anyway, one last thought - in your 'orange can' example, the bypass valve would be flowing some amount of oil, so the engine would not be completely starved of oil pressure... I guess whether or not the engine would starve for adequate pressure would be a function of how much oil can flow through the bypass. Does that sound right?