Pablo,
What I do is loosen the pad bolts (one side at a time) and then hold the brakes closed. Using a folded up piece of paper (2 or 3 folds maybe), I will toe in the pads (place paper under leading edge of pad), and lightly tighten. All you really want is the front portion of the pad to contact the rim first to clear water and debris. Less squeal too. Repeat for the other pad. Then, I will turn the adjuster a few turns, maybe 1/4 (out). Squeeze the brake calipers and loosen the cable bolt. Pull it snug and re-tighten the bolt. You should get a little rim/pad spacing with the cable slack. Then adjust at the levers for feel. If you are using V-brakes, you can slightly bend/flex the appropriate metal spring arm to center the pads for equal contact. Or, you can use the adjuster screw on each caliper arm. I've found that one can quickly run out of adjustment with those screws.
Make very sure that you do not allow the pads to contact the tire at any point in the pad travel. Easy way to ruin expensive tires.