quote:
With calcium that low and virtually no magnesium, I'm wondering what is serving as a detergent in this oil?
Recall that the detergent calcium is mostly in the form of of the oragno-metallic calcium sulfonates that carry a high tbn (overbased, almost alkili).
Both sodium and calcium are "soft" antiwear additives as well.
The secondary AW agent is ZDDP and helping out is boron, calcium, and sodium as primary AW agents.
As I predicted and stated two years ago, ZDDP would be phased out or reduced in lieu of other agents.
Sodium is similar and they use a sodium sulfonate or sodium naphthenesulfonate. The sodium add is multifunctional:
1. functions as a detergent
2. functions as an Anti-Wear agent
3. functions as a rust inhibitor
4. functions as the tbn reserve since it is overbased as well.
5. functions as a friction moifier.
Also, there might be bismuth and antimony compounds contained therein which does not show up on these analyses. Bismuth is similar to moly
and is an antioxidant and friction modifier.
Antimony is a heavy-duty, high temperature anti-wear and oxidant.