Yes, most of the teams are based around the Charolette, Kanapolis, Mooresville, Welcome, North Carolina area. Furniture Row Racing is based in Denver, CO. There is an off week this weekend for Father's Day. The next Cup race is in Sonoma.
They usually don't have the haulers go directly from race to race. They go back to home base and reload the hauler and put in the primary and backup cars. On the West Coast swing for Las Vegas, Phoenix, and Fontana the haulers usually stay out West and the teams use transfer trucks to haul the primary and backup cars plus any additional supplies to the West Coast. The teams will work on cars in hotel parking lots or rent out shops during the week to work on the cars.
One cool this is Furniture Row keeps open spots on their company semis for the race team. Since all the parts come from Gibbs in North Carolina or TRD in Costa Mesa, CA they use the space on the trucks for the race team. Barney Visser is kind of a genius that way.