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Does an oil with a huge spread,such as a 0W50 have less "base oil" in it,making it up with viscosity improvers,whereas a mono grade 50 would basically be mostly solid base oil with the antiwear and detergent adds? Or am I completely wrong?
No. The amount of base oil is the same.
The spread is accomplished in synthetics by using two or more different viscosities of base oils and some VII.
I.E., I could use a large percentage of 3.5 cSt PAO or GroupIII, a small percentage of 8 cSt oil, and a very small percentage of 40 or 100 cSt oil. The final viscosity could then be adjusted with a small amount of VII.
The differences between a synthetic 0W30 and a 5W30 is mainly in the percentages of each base oil viscosity used.
All additive percentages can stay the same.
Mola