Flow is related to pressure drop, and carburettor "flow" is the flow that is measured at a standard differential pressure, which is entirely arbitrary, as demonstrated by Holley using 1.5" mercury for the 4 barrels, and 3" mercury for the two barrels.
Take a 500cfm 2BBL, and put it on the flow bench at 1.5" mercury, and miraculously it measures around 350cfm...a 600cfm 4 barrel flows 850cfm...so to say that you need "x" cfm per horsepower is wrong, when discussing the bench ratings of carbs.
requiring "x" cfm (well actually lbs) to achieve power ratings is correct and makes sense, but in the realms of carb bench ratings, it doesn't.
So where the restriction between the downward moving piston and the venturis on a carb are determines the total flow that gets to the engine, and the volumetric efficiency that it can achieve...and thus how much air is in the cylinder, how much fuel can then be reacted with it, and how much power comes out.