From one of the ZMAX links given above:
Quote:
Metal Penetration - Arch Analytical Services (Cheshire, CT) utilized Auger Electron Spectroscopy to assess the ability of zMAX to penetrate metal surfaces. A testing protocol was developed and tests were subsequently conducted on cast iron and aluminum alloy specimens similar in composition to metals used in current model automotive engines. The metal specimens were immersed in the test fluids for seven to fourteen days under temperature-cycled conditions (i.e., ambient to 100 °C to simulate some modes of an operating engine environment). Comparative tests of zMAX by itself and in blends with a commercial SAE 5w30 SJ engine oil showed the zMAX by itself and when blended with the engine oil, penetrated both types of metal far deeper than engine oil alone. Although it was not possible to precisely quantify the difference in penetration depths between the engine oil, the engine oil with zMAX, and zMAX itself, the presence of zMAX in the engine oil resulted in a 82% greater penetration and a 133% greater penetration when zMAX was 82% compared to the engine oil itself.
FACT:
If one uses Auger Electron Spectroscopy to determine penetration depth profiles, then those profiles would look like a sandwich.
Now look at this sentence:
Quote:
Although it was NOT possible to precisely quantify the difference in penetration depths between the engine oil,
Why not? Anyone who pays as much microsope time for a test like this should have had a series of definitive sandwich slices showing just how far the liquid penetrated.
NOW, if you CANNOT QUANTIFY the depth profile of the sample, how can possibly make the statement that it penetrated 82% or 133%.