What does hypoid mean?

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ouch, my brain hurts. i wish i could understand those words, instead of only being able to read them. i get the general bottom line....but ouch...very humbling experience. thank god i have a cushy easy job (m.d.)
 
Easy way.

Consider a regular bevel gear set. The two "conical" gears have straight cut teeth, and their axes cross at the centreline. Both gears have teeth that when looked at above run along the shaft centreline.

Say that you want to lower the driveshaft relative to the rear axle (RWD), the ultimate is a worm and wheel, where the smaller gear is the worm drive, and the larger gear the wheel. When looked at from above, both gears have teeth that are approaching perpendicular to shaft axis.

Mix the two, so that you have the pinion below half way, but not all the way, and you need to start mixing the two geometries, and end up with a spiral bevel.

Those are the two extremes, of straight
 
When power is transmitted from one direction to another that is 90 degrees [sideways] to it, you need hypoid gears. Or Spiroid!
They mesh and actually have to slip a bit as they rotate together.
NOT the Spiroid, however.
Cars use hypoid gears. Consider the common differential on rear drive cars.
So your outdrive has a 90 deg turn in the power flow somewhere.
Maybe 2 turns. These gears are heavily loaded and need special lube to not wear prematurely.
 
Alter view as needed. Lots of friction to be coped with in the motion.

41bj7%2BWLhmL._AA280_.jpg
 
outdrives arent "hypoid" type geared.
They use straight 90 degree gears so no hypo
action here. But they are higly loaded anyway
so hypoid type oil is usually used althoug fex volvos 280
used 15w40 motoroil. Marine gear oil for outbards are usually just 75/80W-90 gl5 gearbox oil in a small but
expensive tube. For outdrives that uses motor oil
i would imagine that a hdeo is better since its more
shear stable.
 
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