My father always shut off all loads before turning off the car. Always makes sure to never draw load (lights, etc) with the car off.
10 years on a battery is the rule, not the exception.
Modern cars should be ok cranking with the AC on. Bigger concern is every extra ampere drawn from the fan (which IME does come on right away on all cars), causing more voltage drop.
To me the bigger question is of mold and how to prevent it. To me that is to turn off the AC with fan blowing. Thing is, on humid days, this means the interior of the car gets damp, which could mean mold elsewhere in time.