Maybe it's different where you are. Here, a number of dairy farmers were told their milk was no longer needed. Just not the same demand for milk.I am not 100% sure if they won't run different formulations for different labels. At least in my line of work they do things by using different components or configurations to save some money here or more performance there, like 15% more will double the life or 20% more will double the performance.
One thing I do see is they do not deliver every day or consistent to the day. The expiration date is not always predictable, and they run discounts here and there in Safeway based on demand and supply in other produce. Organic strawberries and blueberries especially, you can really see the difference in price and quality based on local weather. Also you see the same farm put different labels on the box based on the quality, like Driscolli or some other unheard of brands based on the rating, etc.
Also in school lunches (free) they frequently try to stuff in extra milk or juice depends on which one they need to get rid off asap. I've had milk boxes that are 3 days from Best By date from school and then a few days with fruit punches and no milk, etc.
I don't know, I can see if one store having 1 store brand being consistent quality, but multiple store brands, that's kind of odd (Lucerne and Value Corner).
Not much margin if Aldi and WalMart can sell a gallon of milk for less than $2.
Sometimes, closer to $1 than to $2.
I would imagine for milk, they make one product and slap a different label on it. The format for something like 2% vitamin D milk is set by the USDA, so it’s probably pretty much the same.
Now I’m talking about mass production commercial dairies, not someone who advertises pampered cows giving organic milk and pasteurized with special crystals.
The real money is probably in butter, ice cream and cheeses.