Yes the 14459 and it's equivalents will fit on the 03 Civic. In the case of the STP, I chose the S2808 because STP has no 14610/7317 equivalent, only the smaller 14612/6607(shorty) size.
In the Purolator the 14610 actually has a bit more media than the 14459, though the latter is, somewhat mysteriously, rated at 20um as opposed to 40um for the former.
The one thing the larger filter does do is provide a bit more engine oil capacity to a relatively small oil fill capacity, ~3.7qts. At least in the Purolator, the trade off is more oil capacity and rated efficiency vs more media for the spec 14610. The latter also tends to have more uniform tighter pleating than the larger 14459.
As for the Wix equivalents, one needs to keep in mind that though there may be a larger looking can, thread end bypass takes up a lot of space so outside looks are deceiving. Many have been posted here with some relatively small media area.