What are the list of additives (synthetic) possible for components of engine oil?
What are their benefits / hazards?
What are their benefits / hazards?
How many synthetic additives for OIL?
- Thread starter Robbie Alexander
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Here's a list of the functions additives are needed for:
Detergents: Similar to household detergents, except that they work in oil not water. They neutralize impurities in the oil to prevent deposit formation on engine parts. Available in different strengths, they can either prevent further deposits from forming or clean up deposits that have already formed.
Dispersants: These molecules bond to contaminants in the oil to keep them from clumping together. Contaminants are then kept suspended in the oil until they can be removed by a filter or oil change.
Antiwear/Extreme Pressure Agents: These agents bond to metal surfaces to create a strong lubricant film between moving metal parts. This film can withstand extreme heat and mechanical pressure to keep metal parts separated, protecting them from scoring and seizing.
Friction Modifiers: In effect, they make oil more slippery by reducing the friction between moving parts. This both reduces wear and improves fuel efficiency.
Antioxidants: Even highly-refined base oils contain some organic compounds that can decompose in the presence of heat. This destroys an oil's ability to lubricate and results in severe engine deposits. Antioxidants retard this process.
Rust/Corrosion Inhibitors: Prevent the corrosion and rusting of metal parts in contact with the lubricant by neutralizing the effects of water and acid that inevitably contaminate oil during engine operation.
Pour Point Depressants: Allow oil to remain more fluid at lower ambient temperatures. Oil can then reach engine parts more quickly during cold-cranking when the potential for engine wear is great.
Antifoam Agents: Retard the formation of foam in oil that can result from the mechanical action of the engine. Foam reduces an oil's ability to lubricate effectively.
Seal Conditioners: Swell the elastomeric engine seals to prevent fluid leakage.
Metal Deactivators: An inactive film on metal surfaces that reduces the tendency of the metal to react with the oil in ways that increase the rate of oil oxidation.
Viscosity Modifiers: Temperature affects viscosity grade, making an oil either thicker or thinner. This hurts its ability to protect engine parts at temperature extremes. Viscosity modifiers are flow control agents that allow the oil structure to adapt to temperature changes, maintain its grade, and retain its lubricating effectiveness. This is what makes multigrade oils possible.
http://www.lubrizol.com/PasCar/default.asp
I don't think any of the additives that do these jobs are considered synthetic or nonsynthetic with a few exception--brightstock, small amounts of esters, etc. How would you classify silane or zinc dialkyldithiophospate?
Ken
[ September 30, 2003, 10:44 PM: Message edited by: Ken2 ]
Detergents: Similar to household detergents, except that they work in oil not water. They neutralize impurities in the oil to prevent deposit formation on engine parts. Available in different strengths, they can either prevent further deposits from forming or clean up deposits that have already formed.
Dispersants: These molecules bond to contaminants in the oil to keep them from clumping together. Contaminants are then kept suspended in the oil until they can be removed by a filter or oil change.
Antiwear/Extreme Pressure Agents: These agents bond to metal surfaces to create a strong lubricant film between moving metal parts. This film can withstand extreme heat and mechanical pressure to keep metal parts separated, protecting them from scoring and seizing.
Friction Modifiers: In effect, they make oil more slippery by reducing the friction between moving parts. This both reduces wear and improves fuel efficiency.
Antioxidants: Even highly-refined base oils contain some organic compounds that can decompose in the presence of heat. This destroys an oil's ability to lubricate and results in severe engine deposits. Antioxidants retard this process.
Rust/Corrosion Inhibitors: Prevent the corrosion and rusting of metal parts in contact with the lubricant by neutralizing the effects of water and acid that inevitably contaminate oil during engine operation.
Pour Point Depressants: Allow oil to remain more fluid at lower ambient temperatures. Oil can then reach engine parts more quickly during cold-cranking when the potential for engine wear is great.
Antifoam Agents: Retard the formation of foam in oil that can result from the mechanical action of the engine. Foam reduces an oil's ability to lubricate effectively.
Seal Conditioners: Swell the elastomeric engine seals to prevent fluid leakage.
Metal Deactivators: An inactive film on metal surfaces that reduces the tendency of the metal to react with the oil in ways that increase the rate of oil oxidation.
Viscosity Modifiers: Temperature affects viscosity grade, making an oil either thicker or thinner. This hurts its ability to protect engine parts at temperature extremes. Viscosity modifiers are flow control agents that allow the oil structure to adapt to temperature changes, maintain its grade, and retain its lubricating effectiveness. This is what makes multigrade oils possible.
http://www.lubrizol.com/PasCar/default.asp
I don't think any of the additives that do these jobs are considered synthetic or nonsynthetic with a few exception--brightstock, small amounts of esters, etc. How would you classify silane or zinc dialkyldithiophospate?
Ken
[ September 30, 2003, 10:44 PM: Message edited by: Ken2 ]
Yes but I'm looking for the Names like Moly, etc, all the additives (yes along with their functions, but the chemical names list of additives.
MolaKule
Staff member
Robie,
There is a comprehensive listing here:
http://theoildrop.server101.com/cgi/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=21;t=000032
Most additive in engine oils and gear lubes are
synthetic, except for the moly disulfide powders.
There is a comprehensive listing here:
http://theoildrop.server101.com/cgi/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=21;t=000032
Most additive in engine oils and gear lubes are
synthetic, except for the moly disulfide powders.
Thank you.
So, all oil that has any additives does have some kind of synthetic nature to it.
Robbie, don't get too hung up on the term "synthetic."
Even the cheapest, most shear unstable viscosity improvers are polymers ... and are therefore "synthetics" by definition.
Doesn't really mean much.
--- Bror Jace
Even the cheapest, most shear unstable viscosity improvers are polymers ... and are therefore "synthetics" by definition.
Doesn't really mean much.
--- Bror Jace
MolaKule
Staff member
Most additives are synthetisized to make them more stable and to last longer. In fact, most additives are today supplied in an ester base or in an esterfied format, which implies synthesis.
The reason being is that most ester-type additives are fully miscible in either synthetic or mineral oils. I.E., it's simply easier to mix the stuff and use less heat energy, which results in lower blending costs.
As Bror pointed out, don't be too impressed by the word synthetic unless you know the context.
[ October 06, 2003, 04:24 PM: Message edited by: MolaKule ]
The reason being is that most ester-type additives are fully miscible in either synthetic or mineral oils. I.E., it's simply easier to mix the stuff and use less heat energy, which results in lower blending costs.
As Bror pointed out, don't be too impressed by the word synthetic unless you know the context.
[ October 06, 2003, 04:24 PM: Message edited by: MolaKule ]
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