That paper addresses lower pour points, better oxidation stability, less fire potential, and a whole slew of factors including reduced heat build-up and vibration for worm gear drives, etc.
But nowhere in that paper does it indicate better actual lubricating properties. It makes no claims that within normal use and normal oil change intervals, that any of a whole host of PAO types actually lubricate better ...
There is no such proof that I can find in that paper or any other ... Unless you are talking elevated operating temps, or lower starting temps, etc.
Having driven big rigs over the Sierras and the Rocky's with EGT's of just shy of 1,200*F for extended periods of time running on good old HDEO or even SAE30 HD, I can say that what counts is engine heat management including oil cooling. These are trucks that averaged 50,000 miles a year and got the oil changed spring and fall at 25,000 miles. They all got dino oil and many went 1,000,000 miles and were re-sold to work again for someone else. None required synthetics.
If I was doing Ice Road trucking, yeah sure. Or only hauling from Mojave to say West Texas, I might consider a synthetic. But these companies were/are notoriously thrifty. If a synthetic could be proven to actually save money over the life of the truck, they'd be all over it - but they aren't ...
The vast majority of lubricating fluids for commercial vehicles is highly refined dino oils, which is some case in the USA pass for synthetics ... But they are not Group IV or V.