Some pictures of terrible Corrosion in this thread, serous vehicle neglect no doubt. As long as it starts, many just keep on driving, until problems are evident.
My recent incident was on a 2.5 year old Honda CR-V. I was gone, the wife had battery troubles. I talked her through some troubleshooting, excessive Corrosion on the positive post was soon evident. This was no where near as bad as the pictures, much more than one expects with a newer vehicle. It didn't help that the terminal was covered by a plastic shield.
Anyway, I replaced the battery, then went heavy with terminal post protection, aircraft grade Corrosion protection. I'll now be checking the post routinely.