CCS and MRV. The same things the "W" rating is based on.
Cold Cranking Start (CCS) and Mini Rotary Viscometer (MRV) values. The 5W is generally more pumpable than the 10W, the 0W more pumpable than the 5W. There are exceptions.
KV 40°C is also low temperature, and together with KV 100°C it forms the viscosity index. That index describes how the viscosity of the oil behaves until about 18°F, and upwards to well over 300°F.