Unless you live in an extremely dirty environment or near an ocean or Hazzard County, replacing the air filter every year is probably overkill and a waste of money. I average about 20,000-30,000 and two years before I need to replace mine.
There is no real "etched in stone" answer. It entirely depends on where you drive. I drive mostly paved roads with some dirt and gravel in a rural area. I like to change it in early Spring if needed before the farmers go out to the fields. I check mine every time I change the oil filter. I go 5,000 miles on the oil and then do an oil filter replacement and top off the oil. After another 5,000 miles, I do a full oil change.
I like the square air filters which sit in a housing. Here is what I do:
- Take the top of the housing off and look at the back of the filter as it sits there and the gasket for it without removing it. If it is dirty on the back or the gasket is bad then it is time to replace it. If not then I continue my inspection.
- Look at the inside of the hose going to the intake for dust getting by the air filter. I stick a clean paper towel in it to verify. If it is dirty then it is time to replace it. If not then I continue my inspection.
- Take the air filter out to look at the front of it. If it is not really gunky with black/brown junk or bugs, I shake it off carefully and stick it back in. If it has a lot of blackness or brownness and dirt in it then I replace it.
If my cars run funny or rough, I usually check the air filter first.
Speaking of farmers and dirt, if I am coming up on a big cloud of dirt hanging in the air, I speed up a little and then put the car in neutral and not give it any gas before I go through the dirt cloud. It helps make the air filters last longer instead of staying on the gas as you go through the dirt cloud and the air intake sucks all that dirty air in.
If you are behind someone on a dirt or gravel road and there is a lot of dust in the air, hang back from them in the clear air.
If someone is coming towards you kicking up a lot of dust, there is not much you can do.