Some of this is going to depend upon the equipment being viewed.
Some engines seem to be sensitive to grades, such as the TDIs, the old 5.7L Chevy and a few others. That does not mean that only one grade is acceptable, but it does show a preference, but probably only to a unique engine and more likely specific to certain years of origin due to engineering and material changes.
Other engines seem to be immune to grade changes, like the mod-motor Fords and Duramax (of which I have both). I have run UOAs on the Dmax with 10w-30 and 15w-40; no change whatsoever outside even one std dev. I am currently running trials with filtration as a variable on my two MGM 4.6L engines. When done with that, I might play with grades just to prove the point there as well ...
Read my "normalcy" article; there is a lot of good info in there.